Microenvironment and related genes predict outcomes of patients with cervical cancer: evidence from TCGA and bioinformatic analysis

Cervical cancer (CESC) is one of the most common cancers and affects the female genital tract. Consistent HPV infection status has been determined to be a vital cause of tumorigenesis. HPV infection may induce changes to the immune system and limit the host’s immune response. Immunotherapy is therefore essential to improving the overall survival of both locally advanced and recurrent CESC patients. Using 304 relevant samples from TCGA, we assessed immune cell function in CESC patients to better understand the status of both tumor micro-environment cells and immune cells in CESC. Functional enrichment analysis, pathway enrichment analysis, and PPI network construction were performed to explore the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The analysis identified 425 DEGs, which included 295 up-regulated genes and 130 down-regulated genes. We established that upregulation of CCL5 was correlated with significantly better survival, meaning that CCL5 expression could serve as a novel prognostic biomarker for CESC patients. We further focused on CCL5 as a hub gene in CESC, as it had significant correlations with increased numbers of several types of immune cells. Cell-type fractions of M1 macrophages were significantly higher in the high-immune-scores group, which was associated with better overall survival. Finally, we concluded that CCL5 is a promising prognostic biomarker for CESC, as well as a novel chemotherapeutic target.     

乌龙茶加工过程中α-法呢烯的形成关键调控基因的筛选与表达分析

为探讨乌龙茶加工过程中做青工序的机械力对香气成分中α-法呢烯的影响及形成机理,本实验以乌龙茶品种黄旦的鲜叶、萎凋叶、摇青叶为供试材料,未摇青等时间摊放叶为对照组,采用GC-TOF-MS 方法检测乌龙茶加工过程中α-法呢烯含量,结合转录组和茶树基因组数据库筛选α-法呢烯合成酶(AFS)关键基因,构建系统进化发育树,利用实时荧光定量PCR(Quantitative Real-time PCR,qRT-PCR)进行数据验证,并进行α-法呢烯含量与基因表达水平间的相关性分析。结果表明,α-法呢烯的含量在第一次摇青时有所下降,由于机械胁迫的累加,摇青叶中α-法呢烯的含量逐渐增加并在第三次摇青时达到峰值(0.9485%)。筛选获得的CL11384.Contig7_All转录本与茶树α-法呢烯合成酶基因(CsAFS,GenBank登录号:MH125264.1)高度相似,暂命名为CsAFS7基因,该基因表达模式与测序数据相一致。皮尔逊相关系数分析表明,乌龙茶加工过程中α-法呢烯含量与CsAFS7基因的相关表达水平之间存在极显著正相关(r=0.951,P<0.01)。因此,乌龙茶做青过程中α-法呢烯的累积可能受到CsAFS7基因的表达调控。     

喷雾干燥法制备材料论文的指导方案

喷雾干燥技术的突出特点是将液态物料瞬时干燥成固体粉末或者颗粒。我们课题组在指导本科生毕业论文中采用了喷雾干燥法制备碳包覆铌酸钛材料的实验,在实验过程中我们发现了一些问题,如喷雾干燥机需要适当预热、喷头容易堵赛和收集原料不干等问题。我们就以上问题进提出了相应的对策,这加深了本科生对喷雾干燥实验的体会和认识,培养了学生在独自实验时面对问题解决问题的能力。     

喷涂功率对YSZ涂层的力学性能和抗铝硅熔体腐蚀性能的影响

热浸镀Al–Si合金涂层是一种有效的现代钢铁防腐涂层，但熔融Al–Si合金腐蚀已成为热浸镀Al–Si合金生产线沉没辊及其备件亟待解决的关键问题之一。本工作采用大气等离子喷涂技术制备Y2O3部分稳定ZrO2(YSZ)/NiCrAlY防护涂层，研究了喷涂功率对YSZ涂层组织和力学性能的影响和涂层在700℃下Al–Si熔体中的腐蚀行为。结果表明，YSZ涂层是由板条和层间柱状晶粒组成的典型层状结构，随着喷涂功率从37 kW增至46 kW，层间柱状结晶呈长大趋势；YSZ涂层主要由t-ZrO2相和少量m-ZrO2相组成，喷涂功率对涂层相组成无明显影响；喷涂功率为40 kW的YSZ涂层具有较高的显微硬度642.4 HV0.3和结合强度62 MPa。此外，当带有涂层的样品在700℃的Al–Si熔液中腐蚀240 h后，YSZ涂层与高温Al–Si熔液之间的界面没有反应层生成，同时Al–Si合金熔液中的Al和Si元素也未渗透进YSZ涂层内部，表明YSZ/NiCrAlY防护涂层有效地将Al–Si合金熔体阻挡在涂层表面。     

小方坯高拉速结晶器铜管温度的测量

阐明了小方坯结晶器铜管温度测量试验的方法与过程,通过在铜管内弧、外弧和侧面不同位置埋设的32支热电偶,对浇铸150 mm×150 mm过程中铜管温度进行在线检测,记录了不同工况下铜管温度随浇注时间的变化关系,分析了各种工艺参数对结晶器铜管温度分布的影响。结果表明,生产过程中结晶器铜管温度场是不稳定的,各点温度都在做非周期性、无规律的起伏变动;拉速越快,铜管四面的温度不均匀倾向越大;梅花型铜管各处温度要高于普通铜管,证明其换热效率更高,更适合高拉速的生产。     

《轮胎中限用物质的限量要求》标准解读

介绍GB/T 38529—2020《轮胎中限用物质的限量要求》的相关内容。该标准的制定有利于提升国内轮胎产品的技术含量和附加值、规避环保技术壁垒；标准规定了橡胶轮胎（含内胎、垫带）中不应使用的原料、限用物质及限量要求、测试方法、试样制备及符合性判定原则；其中轮胎和填充油中多环芳烃含量分别按照ISO 21461：2012中核磁共振波谱法和EN 16143：2013中气相色谱-质谱法测定。     

A decoupled method to identify affecting mechanism of crosswind on performance of a natural draft dry cooling tower

The natural draft dry cooling tower (NDDCT) has been increasingly used for cooling in power generation in arid area. As crosswind affects the performance of a NDDCT in a complicated way, and the basic affecting mechanism is unclear, attempts have been made to improve the performance of a NDDCT based on limited experiences. This paper introduces a decoupled method to study the complicated crosswind effects on the inlet and outlet of a NDDCT separately by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and hot state experiments. Accordingly, the basic affecting mechanism of crosswind on the NDDCT performance is identified. Crosswind changes the inlet flow field of a NDDCT and induces mainstream vortices inside the tower, so as to degrade the ventilation. Besides, low crosswind deflects the upward plume at the outlet to further degrade the ventilation, while high crosswind induces the low pressure area at the outlet to reduce the ventilation degradation.     

内热型超声雾化溶液再生系统最优内热量的研究

基于质量守恒、能量守恒定律，建立了内热型超声雾化溶液再生系统（IH-UARS）的再生性能预测模型并进行了充分的实验验证，通过研究不同内热量下IH-UARS的再生性能及其变化规律，寻求系统所需的最佳内热量并明确其可能的影响因素。结果表明：IH-UARS系统存在最优的内热量范围，使其再生系统性能最佳；所需最优内热量随着再生溶液流量增大呈显著的对数增长，但受空气流量的影响较弱；在该研究中的标准工况下，IH-UARS所需最优内热量约为275~350 W。此外研究发现：内热量的增长有益于促进初始浓度较高的溶液进一步浓缩再生，如当IH-UARS中内热量增至800 W时，其初始浓度为36%的溶液比24%的溶液浓度增量指标改善幅度高37%。研究所得结果可对提高溶液再生性能及经济性提供积极参考。     

融合语义标签和噪声先验的图像生成

针对现有生成模型难以直接从复杂语义标签生成高分辨率图像的问题,提出了融合语义标签和噪声先验的生成对抗网络(SLNP-GAN)。首先,直接输入语义标签(包含形状、位置和类别等信息),使用全局生成器对其进行编码,并结合噪声先验来学习粗粒度的全局属性,初步合成低分辨率图像;然后,基于注意力机制,使用局部细化生成器来查询低分辨率图像子区域对应的高分辨率子标签,获取细粒度信息,从而生成纹理清晰的复杂图像;最后,采用改进的引入动量的Adam算法(AMM)算法来优化对抗训练。实验结果表明,与现有方法text2img相比,所提方法的像素精确度(PA)在COCO_Stuff和ADE20K数据集上分别提高了23.73%和11.09%;相较于Adam算法,AMM算法收敛速度提升了约一倍,且损失值波幅较小。可见,SLNP-GAN能高效地获取全局特征和局部纹理,生成细粒度、高质量的图像。